Waste paper effluent low emission technology
Time:2010-05-28 Hits:2185 Source:Yu jie
(This document is Ministry of Construction, State Environmental Protection Administration, Ministry of Science and Technology jointly issued)
1 General
1.1 for the control of urban water pollution, and promote the development of urban sewage treatment facilities and related industries, according to “Water Pollution Prevention Law of the People’s Republic of China”, “City Planning Law of the People’s Republic of China and State Council decision on environmental protection issues, development of this technology policy.
1.2 Technology Policy, ““ municipal sewage “means the inclusion and not been incorporated into the city sewerage system, sewage of mixed sewage and industrial wastewater.
1.3 The policy applies to the engineering construction of urban sewage treatment facilities to guide the selection and development of the sewage treatment process and related technologies, and technical basis for water environmental management.
1.4 The urban sewage treatment facilities, should be based on the overall urban planning and water environmental planning, utilization of water resources planning and urban drainage requirements of the professional planning, so planning in advance, reasonable to determine the layout and design scale of the sewage treatment facilities, and give priority to urban sewerage system construction.
1.5 The urban sewage treatment, to give guidance should be based on regional differences. According to the region’s level of economic development and natural environmental conditions and geographical location and other factors, a reasonable choice of approach.
1.6 urban sewage treatment should be considered a combination with the water resource objectives. Actively develop the sewage recycling and comprehensive utilization of sludge technology.
1.7 to encourage scientific and technological progress of the urban sewage treatment, and actively develop the application of new technology, new materials and new equipment.
(2) Objectives and Principles
2.1 2010 average national cities and towns sewage treatment rate of not less than 50% of the sewage treatment rate in cities officially designated as not less than 60%, focus on the city’s sewage treatment rate of not less than 70%.
2.2 national cities and towns should be the planning and construction of urban sewage centralized treatment facilities. Standard discharge of industrial wastewater into the city sewerage system and sewage combined treatment.
Industrial wastewater discharged into the city sewerage system should be strict control of heavy metals, toxic and hazardous substances, and pretreatment in the factory to achieve the emission standards of the national and industry regulations.
Not be included in the neighborhood of the city sewage collection system, tourist scenic spots, resorts, nursing homes, airports, railway stations, economic development area, such as dispersed population settlements emissions of sewage and industrial wastewater of independent industrial and mining areas should be carried out in situ treatment compliance emissions.
2.3 cities officially designated and in major river valleys and water conservation district towns, we must build two sewage treatment facilities, can be in stages to implementation. Subjected to water bodies as a closed or semi-enclosed bodies of water to combat eutrophication, urban sewage should be carried out two enhanced treatment, enhance the effect of phosphorus and nitrogen removal. Non-key river valleys and towns of the water source protection areas, according to local economic conditions and water pollution control requirements may be provided through an enhanced treatment phases to achieve secondary treatment.
2.4 The urban sewage treatment facilities, should be mature and reliable technology. According to the scale of the construction of sewage treatment facilities and the special requirements of emission control, actively and steadily selected sewage treatment technology. Urban sewage treatment facilities in the water should reach the national or local water pollutant emission control requirements. Water quality of urban sewage treatment facilities with special requirements must be in-depth treatment.
2.5 The urban sewage treatment facilities, in accordance with the long-term planning to determine the final size of the status quo of water as the main basis to determine the recent scale.
Urban sewage collection system
3.1 in the professional planning of urban drainage should be clear drainage system and the way out of recession.
3.2 for the new city should give priority to using the full triage system; Sewerage System in Old Town for the transformation is very difficult to maintain the combined system can reasonably determine the retention factor. Combined little rainfall domain City, according to the actual situation.
3.3 in the economically developed cities or subject to high environmental requirements of the receiving water bodies can be considered the initial rainwater into the town sewerage system.
3.4 the implementation of urban drainage licensing system and discharged into the municipal sewage collection system, effluent quality and quantity of supervision and inspection in strict accordance with the relevant standards to ensure safe and effective operation of the urban sewage treatment facilities.
(4) sewage treatment
4.1 Process selection criteria
4.1.1 Urban wastewater treatment process should be based on the treatment scale, water quality characteristics, and by the environmental functions of water bodies and the local conditions and requirements, preferred to determine a comprehensive technical and economic comparison.
4.1.2 The process to select the main technical and economic indicators include: the processing unit of water investment, cut unit pollutants investment, processing unit of water power consumption and cost reduction unit of pollutant power consumption and cost, floor space, operating performance reliability, management maintain the degree of difficulty, and overall environmental benefits.
4.1.3 should be practical to determine the sewage water quality, optimize the process design parameters. The status of water quality characteristics of the sewage, contaminants constitute conduct a thorough investigation or determination, make a reasonable analysis and forecasting. Complex or special water quality, should be a dynamic test of the sewage treatment process, as necessary, to carry out a pilot study.
4.1.4 positive and prudent use of efficient and economical new process. The first application of new technology in the country must be in test and production test, to provide a reliable design parameters and then applied.
4.2 Process
4.2.1 an enhanced treatment process
An enhanced treatment, according to the requirements of the construction of urban sewage treatment facilities planning and construction scale, the choice of materialized enhanced treatment method, AB preceding process, hydrolysis aerobic preceding process, high-load activated sludge process, such as technology.
4.2.2 The secondary treatment process
Daily treatment capacity of more than 200,000 cubic meters (200,000 cubic meters / day) of sewage treatment facilities, and generally use the conventional activated sludge process. Can be applied to other mature technology.
Daily processing capacity of 200,000 m3 of sewage treatment facilities, the choice of the conventional activated sludge, oxidation ditch, SBR and AB mature technology.
The daily processing capacity of 100,000 m3 of sewage treatment facilities, the choice of technology, of the oxidation ditch and SBR, the hydrolysis of aerobic, AB, France and biological filter method and the conventional activated sludge process can also be used.
4.2.3 The two enhanced treatment
Two enhanced treatment process is to effectively remove the carbon source pollutants, and have a strong function of the nitrogen and phosphorus removal treatment process. In areas where nitrogen, phosphorus pollutant control requirements, the daily treatment capacity of more than 100,000 cubic meters of sewage treatment facilities is generally used in the A / 0 France, A/A/0, France and other technologies. Also be carefully selected other efficient technologies.
The daily processing capacity of 100,000 cubic meters of sewage treatment facilities, addition of A / O A/A/0 France, but also the choice of the oxidation ditch method has the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal, SBR, hydrolysis of aerobic and biofilter France.
Can also be used when necessary materialized ways to enhance phosphorus removal.
4.3 natural purification process
4.3.1 the conditions of strict environmental impact assessment, to meet the requirements of the relevant national standards and the requirements of self-purification capacity of water bodies, may be prudent to adopt the method of disposal of urban sewage discharged into the river or the deep sea.
4.3.2 In areas where conditions permit, the conditions of the wasteland, free land available, various types of land treatment and stable ponds natural purification technology.
4.3.3 of urban sewage secondary treatment effluent can not meet the requirements of the water environment, under the conditions permit, can land treatment system and the stability of ponds natural purification technology for further processing.
4.3.4 using land treatment technology should be strict to prevent groundwater pollution.
(5) sludge treatment
5.1 municipal sewage treatment sludge, anaerobic, aerobic, and composting and other methods should be used for stabilizing treatment. Also the sanitary landfill method can be used to properly dispose of.
5.2 daily processing capacity of more than 100,000 cubic meters of sewage secondary treatment facilities, sludge, anaerobic digestion process to be taken to deal with the biogas produced should be comprehensive utilization.
The daily processing capacity of 100,000 cubic meters of sewage treatment facilities, sludge, compost processing and comprehensive utilization.
Extended aeration oxidation ditch and SBR technologies such as sewage treatment facilities, sludge required to achieve stabilization. Using materialized strengthen a deal with sewage treatment facilities, sludge generated to carry out proper treatment and disposal.
5.3 After the sewage sludge to achieve stabilization and sound requirements, the use of farmland; not farmland use of sludge, in accordance with relevant standards and requirements for sanitary landfill disposal.
6 wastewater reclamation and reuse
6.1 wastewater reclamation and reuse, you can choose the depth of coagulation, filtration, disinfection, or the natural purification processing technology.
6.2 advocate of all sizes and sewage treatment facilities in accordance with the principles of economic rationality and health and safety, the implementation of wastewater reclamation and reuse. Development of renewable water use in agricultural irrigation, watering green spaces, urban miscellaneous, ecological restoration, and industrial cooling.
6.3 of urban sewage recycling, should be based on user needs and purposes, reasonable to determine the quantity and quality of the water.
7 prevention of secondary pollution
7.1 The urban sewage treatment facilities, and must pay full attention to prevention of secondary pollution and properly using a variety of effective control measures. Environmental impact assessment in the pre-construction phase of the sewage treatment facilities should be fully demonstrated.
7.2 In order to ensure the safety of the public health, prevention of the spread of infectious diseases, and urban sewage treatment facilities should be set disinfection facilities.
7.3 in the environmental health conditions in areas with special requirements should be the prevention and treatment of malodorous pollution.
7.4 urban sewage treatment facilities, machinery and equipment should be used for effective noise control measures, and comply with the noise control requirements.
7.5 municipal sewage treatment plant after the stabilization treatment sludge for farmland shall not contain excessive heavy metals and other toxic and hazardous substances. Sanitary landfill disposal of strict prevention and control of pollution of groundwater.